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Authors
An, Kang
Zhang, Fengwen
Ouyang, Wenbin
Li, Shiguo
Pan, Xiangbin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project (2023ZD0514300)
National High Level Talents Special Support Plan (2020-RSW02)
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Article History
Received: 12 September 2024
Accepted: 15 October 2025
First Online: 28 November 2025
Declarations
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: The trial protocol was approved by the central ethics committee at Fuwai Hospital (approval number: 2023–2024). Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants prior any study-specific assessments. The trial protocol has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06009588).
: Written informed consent will be obtained from the participants. No identifying images or other personal details are provided here, nor will they be included in the results of the study. Informed consent materials are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Competing interests {28} None declared. None of the investigators have any personal or financial relationships with the device companies.
