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Authors
Stephen, Abigail https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6742-7901
Matuluko, Ayodeji
Carroll, Kelly
Coffey, Taylor
Lawrie, Louisa
Sherratt, Frances
Hudek, Natasha
Lorencatto, Fabianna
Presseau, Justin
Marlin, Susan
Richards, Dawn P.
Brehaut, Jamie
Gillies, Katie https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7890-2854
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
CIHR (PJT 169055)
Medical Research Council (MR/X007464/1)
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Article History
Received: 15 August 2025
Accepted: 23 October 2025
First Online: 24 November 2025
Declarations
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: Ethics approval was granted by research ethical committees for each of the three included trials. As this study uses secondary data analysis, consent was sought from all participants during initial data collection for their data to be used in future research. The data used during secondary data analysis contains no identifiable information.
: Not applicable.
: D. P. R. is a full-time employee of Five02 Labs Inc., which is under contract to Clinical Trials Ontario to support its patient and public engagement efforts and is also the volunteer Vice President of the Canadian Arthritis Patient Alliance, an organisation that derives the majority of its funding from independent grants from pharmaceutical companies. The remaining authors declare that they have no competing interests.
