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Authors
Fan, Hou-Rui
Yang, Mu-Zi
Yan, Xiao-Long
Chen, Xiao-Bo
Gou, Yun-Jiu
You, Jian
Lin, Jiang-Bo
Zhou, Hai-Ning
Zhang, Hao
Chen, Wen-Shu
Zhang, Ni
Tang, Hua
Lin, Yong-Bin
Leng, Xue-Feng
Qian, Xiao-Zhe
Yi, Jun
Su, Xiao-Dong
Cai, Song-Wang
Gu, Wei-Quan
Peng, Zhong-Min
Du, Wei
Yang, Han
Mei, Jian-Dong
Sun, Da-Qiang
Liao, Yong-De
Liao, Hong-Ying
Qiu, Bin
Ma, Guo-Wei
Jiao, Wen-Jie
Wang, Wei
Wang, Yun
Zhao, Ze-Rui
Liu, Qian-Wen
Sun, Tian-Yu
Li, Ming
Yang, Hao-Xian https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1940-3657
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Excellent Surgery Study Project of Bethune Charitable Foundation (CESS2021LB15)
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Article History
Received: 24 July 2025
Accepted: 1 November 2025
First Online: 29 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study is conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki and the relevant Chinese laws and regulations. The Ethics Committee of Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center approved the study protocol in August 2022, and the date of the first participant enrolment was 16 August, 2023. Approval from the institutional review board was obtained before patient enrolment at each institution. Written informed consent was obtained from all enrolled patients. All 26 institutions have passed the ethical review.
: This report does not include any identifiable personal or clinical detail, and such information will not be included in future publications of the trial results.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
