Petersen, Johanne Juul https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9837-1958
Kamp, Caroline Barkholt
Olsen, Markus Harboe
Hansen, Mathias Lühr
Thorlund, Kristian
Pellicer, Adelina
Naulaers, Gunnar
Dempsey, Eugene
Hahn, Gitte Holst
Andersen, Patrick Bjerregaard
Rasmussen, Marie Isabel Skov
Pichler, Gerhard
Dimitriou, Gabriel
Szczapa, Tomasz
Ognean, Maria Livia
Nesargi, Saudamini
Musante, Gabriel
Chalak, Lina
Di Maio, Massimo
Lakhwani, Jyoti
Procianoy, Renato S.
Tkaczyk, Jakub
Fuchs, Hans
Cetinkaya, Merih
Hagmann, Cornelia
Popat, Himanshu
Fabres, Jorge
Wang, Laishuan
Schmölzer, Georg
Piris-Borregas, Salvador
Mohora, Ramona
Zafra, Pamela
Sarafidis, Kosmas
Alsina-Casanova, Miguel
Baik-Schneditz, Nariae
Lopez, Laura Serrano
Griesmaier, Elke
Hatzidaki, Eleftheria
Shashidhar, A.
Dassios, Theodore
Arruza, Luis
Greisen, Gorm
Jakobsen, Janus Christian
Funding for this research was provided by:
Danmarks Frie Forskningsfond (3165-00094B)
Medtronic
Foundation for the Development of Neonatology in Wielkopolska Province
The Crystal Charity Ball
Article History
Received: 26 October 2025
Accepted: 9 December 2025
First Online: 18 December 2025
Declarations
:
: The protocol is approved by the Danish Research Ethics Committees (2402572). All neonatal intensive care units must have their eligibility confirmed, and the protocol should be approved by the relevant ethics committee before randomisation can begin. Prior informed consent, deferred consent, or absence of opt-out to participate will be obtained from all participants.
: Not applicable.
: TS is the president of the Polish Neonatal Society. He has received speakers’ honoraria from the following companies: Masimo, Medtronic, AstraZeneca, Sanofi. All other authors declare that they have no competing interests.