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Article History

Received: 31 August 2025

Accepted: 15 January 2026

First Online: 23 January 2026

Declarations

:

: This study has been approved by the Ethics Committee (EC) of The First Hospital of China Medical University on the 03/01/2024, with the EC approval number 2024-263. Moreover, this study will be conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and Good Clinical Practice (GCP) guidelines. Written informed consent will be obtained from all study participants for their participation in the study and publication of their de-identified data. In cases where the participant is unable to do so, a legally authorized representative or caregiver will be contacted to provide consent on behalf of the participant, in accordance with the GCP guidelines. The trial protocol has been also approved by the Ethics Committee of Dalian Third People’s Hospital (approval number: 2024-046-002), Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital (approval number: 2024-182-R), The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University (approval number: 2024-C023-F1), The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University (approval number: 2024-080), The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital (approval number: YXLL-KY-2024(053)), Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital (approval number: 2024-221), The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (approval number: 0202494), The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (approval number: 2024-L-97), Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University (approval number: BFHHZMP20240008), The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University (approval number: PJ-KS-KY-2024-505(X)), The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University (approval number: QYFYEC2024-44-01), Chifeng Municipal Hospital(approval number: CK202474), Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute (approval number: KY20240708-2), Shenzhen People’s Hospital (approval number: LL-KY-2024112-02), and Yanbian University Hospital (approval number: 2024273). The findings of the trial will be presented at academic conferences, both nationally and internationally, and published in journals undergoing peer review.

: The authors approve the publication.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.