Norris, S. A.
Micklesfield, L. K.
Christofides, N. J.
Crouch, S. H.
Mathatha, D. E.
Desmond, C.
Sharp, S. J.
Ong, K. K.
Tollman, S. M.
Kahn, K.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Department of Health and Social Care
the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office
Medical Research Council
Wellcome Trust
Joint Global Health Trials (UK; MR/V005790/2)
Article History
Received: 4 November 2025
Accepted: 2 February 2026
First Online: 12 February 2026
Declarations
:
: Approval has been obtained from the Human Research Ethics Committee of the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa (M211061) and of the University of Cambridge (HBREC.2022.07). Written informed consent will be obtained from all study participants before any data collection or other study procedures commence by a research assistant fluent in the participant’s home language.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.