Kamp, Caroline Barkholt https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-4694
Petersen, Johanne Juul
Hansen, Mathias Lühr
Pellicer, Adelina
Naulaers, Gunnar
Dempsey, Eugene
Hahn, Gitte Holst
Olsen, Markus Harboe
Rasmussen, Marie Isabel Skov
Pichler, Gerhard
Dimitriou, Gabriel
Szczapa, Tomasz
Ognean, Maria Livia
Nesargi, Saudamini
Musante, Gabriel
Chalak, Lina
Di Maio, Massimo
Lakhwani, Jyoti
Procianoy, Renato S.
Tkaczyk, Jakub
Fuchs, Hans
Cetinkaya, Merih
Hagmann, Cornelia
Popat, Himanshu
Fabres, Jorge
Wang, Laishuan
Schmölzer, Georg
Fumagalli, Monica
Piris-Borregas, Salvador
Mohora, Ramona
Zafra, Pamela
Sarafidis, Kosmas
Alsina-Casanova, Miguel
Baik-Schneditz, Nariae
Lopez, Laura Serrano
Griesmaier, Elke
Hatzidaki, Eleftheria
A, Shashidhar
Dassios, Theodore
Greisen, Gorm
Jakobsen, Janus Christian
Article History
Received: 16 September 2025
Accepted: 5 March 2026
First Online: 17 March 2026
Declarations
:
: The protocol is approved by the Danish Research Ethics Committees (2402572). All neonatal intensive care units must have their eligibility confirmed, and the protocol should be approved by the relevant ethics committee before randomisation can begin. Prior informed consent, deferred consent, or absence of opt-out to participate will be obtained from all participants.
: Not applicable.
: TS is the president of Polish Neonatal Society. He has received speakers’ honouraria from the following companies: Masimo, Medtronic, AstraZeneca, Sanofi. All other authors declare that they have no competing interests.