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Article History

Received: 13 January 2026

Revised: 24 March 2026

Accepted: 5 April 2026

First Online: 13 April 2026

Declarations

:

: The study protocol has been approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at each participating center and will be conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. In the event of protocol modifications during project execution, a protocol amendment will be submitted to the IRB of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, and all participating centers are also required to file the amendment with their respective IRBs. Additionally, the need for full board review of the ethics approval will be reassessed based on the content of the amendment.Before any study procedures are performed, investigators will provide a detailed informed consent form that has been approved by the ethics committee. Since all participants in this study are patients with SaSAH who have lost capacity at the time of screening and enrollment, written informed consent will be obtained from the legally authorized representative (a direct family member) prior to any research activities. Sufficient time will be allowed for thorough consideration of participation. Throughout the study, all subjects and their representatives will receive updated versions of the informed consent form and relevant written information as necessary. All signed consent documents will be securely maintained as essential trial records.

: All authors approved the final manuscript prior to submission for publication.

: The authors declare no competing interests.