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Authors
Julin, Cathinka Halle
Elgersma, Ingeborg Hess https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3402-4049
Solberg, Runar Barstad
Holst, Christine
Helleve, Arnfinn
Rose, Christopher James
Gopinathan, Unni
Fretheim, Atle
Elstrøm, Petter
Holøs, Sverre B.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Norwegian Institute of Public Health
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Article History
Received: 2 December 2024
Accepted: 2 June 2026
First Online: 11 July 2026
Declarations
Ethical approval and consent to participate: The Regional Ethics Committee (REC) South-East B deemed the study to be outside the scope of the Norwegian Health and Research Act (ref 656196, dated 18.12.2023), so no formal ethical approval was required. Written informed consent was achieved from the teachers and from both parents/legal guardians of students who provided data through questionnaires or interviews.
Consent for publication: Not applicable
Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
