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Authors
Atty, Shimaa A.
Abdelzaher, Ahmed M.
Barghash, Sona
Rahman, Mona A. Abdel
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Egyptian Drug Authority
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Article History
Received: 17 May 2025
Accepted: 23 July 2025
First Online: 9 August 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted at the Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA) using only synthetic and laboratory-spiked samples. No human participants, identifiable human data, or animal subjects were involved. In accordance with Egyptian Law No. 214 of 2020 regulating clinical medical research, and the EDA’s institutional policy as defined in the Guideline for Good Regulatory Oversight of Clinical Trials (EDREX.GL.Bioinn.006, v2.1), research that does not involve human subjects is exempt from the requirement for ethics committee or IRB approval. Therefore, ethics approval and informed consent were not applicable. All procedures were carried out in accordance with international ethical standards, including the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
