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Authors
Muhammad, Sarmad S.
Karim, Wrya O.
Al-Dulaimi, Naktal
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Article History
Received: 23 January 2026
Accepted: 10 April 2026
First Online: 18 April 2026
Declarations
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: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and in compliance with CIOMS-WHO International Ethical Guidelines and Belmont Report, as approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Garmian Polytechnic University, Kalar, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq (Approval No.: GPUREC07925).
: All participant signed informed consent forms.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
