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Authors
Husin, Nurul Aini
AbdulRahim, Muhammad Haiqal Syarriman
Halim, Muhammad Rasul Abdullah
AbdulHalim, Auni Atikah
Al Amin Mohd-Redzuan, Muhammad
Azman, Siti Nur Athirah
Ganasen, Tharane
Sahimin, Norhidayu
Low, Van Lun
Jiliun, Edley A.
Shah, Ahmad Khusaini Mohd Kharip
Makepeace, Benjamin L.
AbuBakar, Sazaly
Ya’cob, Zubaidah
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Dana Langganan Sukuk Pakej Rangsangan Ekonomi Prihatin Rakyat (SUKUK PRIHATIN), Malaysia Ministry of Finance through the Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia (subprogram MO002A-2021)
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Article History
Received: 3 November 2025
Accepted: 9 January 2026
First Online: 31 January 2026
Declarations
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: All applicable institutional and national guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed. Animal use was approved by the University of Malaya Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (UM IACUC, approval code: G8/07052020/09012020-01/R and T/22052023/1303202 3-02/R). No human subjects were involved.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
