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Authors
Daniel, Ian Kirimi
Kelly, Maureen A.
Ramos, Rafael A. N.
Hakimi, Hassan
Kattoor, Jobin Jose
Wilkes, Rebecca P.
Sidouin, Metinou K.
Nare, Richard Ngandolo Bongo
Oaukou, Philip Tchindebet
Saleh, Meriam N.
Haynes, Ellen
Cleveland, Christopher A.
Yabsley, Michael J.
Garabed, Rebecca
Tritten, Lucienne
Verocai, Guilherme G.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The Carter Center.
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Article History
Received: 26 May 2026
Accepted: 1 July 2026
First Online: 16 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: All experimental procedures were conducted under the approval from the National Bioethics Committee of Chad (Protocol #005/PR/MESRI/SE/DGM/CNBT/SG/2022) and the University of Georgia,'s Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (A2019 04-005). Sample collection protocols adhered to established animal welfare guidelines and international biosafety standards.
Consent for publication: All authors consent to publication.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
