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Winter activity and virus infection of Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in German livestock housing before and during the 2024 BTV-3 outbreak

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-026-07620-w

Published Online: 2026-09-04

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Voigt, Anja

Kampen, Helge

Beer, Martin

Wernike, Kerstin

Scheuch, Dorothee

Sick, Franziska

Zeiske, Sophie

Werner, Doreen
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

German Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Regional Identity (BMLEH) through the Federal Office for Agriculture and Food

Leibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung (ZALF) e.V.
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-09-04

Version of Record valid from 2026-09-04
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Article History

Received: 6 April 2026

Accepted: 2 August 2026

First Online: 4 September 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable.

Consent for publication: Not applicable.

Competing interests: The authors state that there are no conflicts of interest.

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