Document is current

Article History

Received: 18 May 2020

Accepted: 27 October 2020

First Online: 25 November 2020

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: Collection 1: Ethical approval was obtained from the Ministry of Health Scientific and Ethics Committee of Eswatini/Swaziland and the Ethics Review Board of Médecins Sans Frontières. Inclusion in the study was voluntary and after signing of an informed consent form. Collection 2: The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Institute of Tropical Medicine; the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital of Antwerp, Belgium; and the Ministry of Health Scientific and Ethics Committee of Eswatini. Inclusion in the study was voluntary and after signing of an informed consent form. The research performed conformed to the principles expressed in the Helsinki Declaration.

: Not applicable

: Dr. Niemann reports grants from German Center for Infection Research, grants from European Union TB-PAN-NET, grants from Excellenz Cluster Precision Medicine in Chronic Inflammation EXC 2167, and grants from Leibniz Science Campus Evolutionary Medicine of the LUNG (EvoLUNG), during the conduct of the study; Dr. Köser reports personal fees from the World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, personal fees from Becton Dickinson, personal fees from QuantuMDx Group Ldt, personal fees from Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics, others from Hain Lifescience, others from Global Alliance for TB Drug Development Inc. and Otsuka Novel Products GmbH, and others from YD Diagnostics, outside the submitted work, and is an unpaid advisor to GenoScreen.The remaining authors declare that they have no competing interests.