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Article History

Received: 5 August 2021

Accepted: 10 August 2022

First Online: 15 September 2022

Declarations

:

: The use of primary tumor tissue samples from the Department of Urology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Germany, was approved by the ethics committee of the University of Tuebingen, Germany (622/2020BO). For tissue samples from the Department of Urology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany, ethical approval was provided by the ethics committee of the University of Dresden. The ethics committee of the University of Greifswald, Germany, approved the use of tissue samples from the Department of Urology, University of Greifswald, Germany. The use of tissue from the Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany, was approved by the ethics committee of the University Erlangen, Germany, and the use of tumors from the Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria, was approved by the ethics committee of the Medical University, Vienna, Austria. The local ethics committee for the Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Portugal, approved the use of tissue samples (CES518/2010). The study of Polifka et al. [] was performed according to the standards established in the Declaration of Helsinki under a positive vote of the ethics committee of the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany, and patients’ material was anonymized.Informed written consent was provided by each subject prior to surgical resection. The research conformed to the principles of the Helsinki Declaration.

: Not applicable.

: A patent related to the 174-gene signature matrix presented in this article and applications of it has been filed (PCT/EP2020/056398). JB: personal honoraria for speaker, consultancy, or advisory role: AstraZeneca, Astellas, BMS, Eisai, Ipsen, MSD, Novartis, Roche, EUSA Pharma, Nektar, and Pfizer; institutional financial support which has been paid directly to the Department of Urology, Tuebingen, Germany: Eisai, Ipsen, MSD, Novartis, Roche, and Pfizer. AS: consultancies, honoraria, or study participation from Bayer, BMS, Immatics, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche. AH: consultancies, honoraria, or study participation from Abbvie, Agilent, AstraZeneca, Biontech, Boehringer Ingelheim, BMS, Cepheid, Diaceutics, 3DHistotech, Illumina, Janssen, Qiagen, Lilly, MSD, Nanostring, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche. NK: honoraria, advisory boards: BMS, MSD, IPSEN, Esai, Pfizer, Janssen, Novartis, Astellas, and EUSA Pharma; travel expenses: BMS, Janssen, EUSA Pharma, MSD, Aristo. SR: honoraria for speaker, advisory role: Astellas, Bayer, Pfizer, Merck. The remaining authors declare that they have no competing interests.