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Article History

Received: 24 February 2025

Accepted: 17 November 2025

First Online: 12 December 2025

Declarations

:

: Not applicable. This study used publicly available, de-identified datasets and did not involve human participants, clinical samples, or patient data. The research conformed to the principles of the Helsinki Declaration.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that BIAS-2015 is developed by Bitscopic, a commercial entity. However, the software is open-source and freely available, ensuring transparency and accessibility. The authors have no financial stake in any competing variant classification tools, nor have they received external funding related to this work. There are no additional financial or non-financial competing interests to disclo se.