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Authors
Chen, Hongda
Si, Jiahui
Luo, Chenyu
Tian, Jianbo
Xin, Junyi
Yu, Canqing
Sun, Dianjianyi
Pei, Pei
Yang, Ling
Millwood, Iona Y.
Walters, Robin G.
Chen, Yiping
Du, Huaidong
Chen, Zhengming
Li, Liming
Koido, Masaru
Kamatani, Yoichiro
Wang, Meilin
Miao, Xiaoping
Lv, Jun
Dai, Min
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education (2024101)
Chinese Academy of Medical Science Innovation Fund for Medical Science (2022-I2M-1-003)
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Science and Technology Planning Project of Tibet Autonomous Region (XZ202501JD0021)
Beijing Research Ward Excellence Program (BRWEP2024W034010101)
PUMCH Talent Development and Support Program, Category B (UGG06641)
Wellcome grants to Oxford University (212946/Z/18/Z, 202922/Z/16/Z, 104085/Z/14/Z, 088158/Z/09/Z)
Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project (2023ZD0510100)
National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFC0900500)
Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (2011BAI09B01)
National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding (2025-LYZX-C-B03)
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Article History
Received: 27 June 2025
Accepted: 6 March 2026
First Online: 19 March 2026
Declarations
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: All participants in the included studies provided written informed consent. The Nanjing GWAS and Wuhan GWAS were approved by the Institutional Review Board of Nanjing Medical University and Wuhan University, respectively. The CKB cohort study was approved by the Ethical Review Committee of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Beijing, China) and the Oxford Tropical Research Ethics Committee, University of Oxford (Oxford, United Kingdom). The TARGET-C study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the National Cancer Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, and prospectively registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR1800015506). The research was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
