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Authors
Mantey, Richard
Hu, Jialu
Touhidinia, Maryam
Butt, Tanzeem
Sidky, Ahmed Mokhtar
Sobhani, Roohollah
Estrada, Santiago
Haendler, Kristian
De Domenico, Elena
Beyer, Marc Daniel
Breteler, Monique Maria Bernadette
Aziz, Nasir Ahmad
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e.V. (DZNE) in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
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Article History
Received: 16 December 2025
Accepted: 19 June 2026
First Online: 6 July 2026
Declarations
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: The protocol of Rhineland Study was approved by the ethics committee of the University of Bonn Medical Faculty (Ref: 338/15). The study is conducted according to the International Conference on Harmonization Good Clinical Practice standards (ICH-GCP), with written informed consent obtained in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval for conducting UKB Study was received from the National Information Governance Board for Health and Social Care and the National Health Service North West Centre for Research Ethics Committee (Ref: 11/NW/0382). Every participant provided written informed consent.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
