LaFlamme, Christy W.
Clarkson, Chris
Ibañez, Kristina
Wang, Jin-Yuan
Sengupta, Soham
Lord, Jenny
Valentine, Virginia
Bonkowski, Emily S.
Almanza Fuerte, Edith P.
Olszewski, Athena R.
Ghosh, Sourav
Jadhav, Bharati
Mack, Taralynn
Lin, Jiadong
Gibson, Sophia B.
van Hagen, Johanna M.
Alders, Mariëlle
Martin-Geary, Alexandra
Gu, Bida
Kharbanda, Mira
Banka, Siddharth
Stuart, Helen M.
Webster, Andrew R.
Hosokawa, Akimoto
Dashnow, Harriet
Bajpai, Richa
Pruett-Miller, Shondra M.
Chaisson, Mark J.P.
Miller, Danny E.
Whiffin, Nicola
Eichler, Evan E.
Sisodiya, Sanjay M.
Houlden, Henry
Sharp, Andrew J.
Sadikovic, Bekim
Valentine, Marc
Sadleir, Lynette G.
Tucci, Arianna
Mefford, Heather C.
Article History
Received: 20 January 2026
Accepted: 15 July 2026
First Online: 22 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital (SJCRH) and the national ethics committee of New Zealand (NZ HDEC). Written informed consent was provided by parents or legal guardians of participants. Samples were collected by a qualified health professional in accordance with hospital policies. All protocols and the research adhere to the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: B.S. is a shareholder in EpiSign Inc, a company involved in commercialization of EpiSign software. D.E.M is on scientific advisory boards at Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) and Basis Genetics, is engaged in research agreements with ONT and PacBio, has received research and travel support from ONT and PacBio, holds stock options in MyOme and Basis Genetics, and is a consultant for MyOme. L.G.S. has received research grants and consultancy fees from Zynerba Pharmaceuticals and has served on Takeda and Eisai Pharmaceuticals scientific advisory panels. E.E.E. is a scientific advisory board (SAB) member of Variant Bio, Inc. S.B.G has received travel support from ONT. N.W. has received research grant funding from Novo Nordisk and Biomarin Pharmaceuticals. The remaining authors declare that they have no competing interests.