Colantonio, Lisandro D.
Saag, Kenneth G.
Singh, Jasvinder A.
Chen, Ligong
Reynolds, Richard J.
Gaffo, Angelo
Plante, Timothy B.
Curtis, Jeffrey R.
Bridges, S. Louis Jr.
Levitan, Emily B.
Chaudhary, Ninad S.
Howard, George
Safford, Monika M.
Muntner, Paul
Irvin, Marguerite Ryan
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (U01 NS041588)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01 HL080477, K24 HL111154)
Article History
Received: 28 September 2019
Accepted: 31 March 2020
First Online: 16 April 2020
Ethics approval and consent to participate
: The University of Alabama at Birmingham Institutional Review Board and the CMS approved all analyses and waived the requirement to obtain informed consent in the Medicare cohort. All REGARDS study participants provided written informed consent, including for the analysis of their Medicare claims.
: Not applicable.
: KGS receives research support from Horizon, Takeda, Ironwood, and Sobi and serves as a consultant/advisor for Sobi, Ironwood, Horizon, and Takeda. JAS received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Fidia, UBM LLC, Medscape, WebMD, the National Institutes of Health (< $10,000 total each) and the American College of Rheumatology (> $10,000 total); is member of the Executive Committee of Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT); and is a stockholder of Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics. EBL, MMS, and PM receive research support from Amgen. EBL also served as a consultant/advisor for Amgen and Novartis. The remaining authors have no disclosures.