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Article History

Received: 8 May 2020

Accepted: 19 January 2021

First Online: 29 January 2021

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: These studies were conducted according to the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines for Good Clinical Practice and the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. All patients provided written informed consent prior to enrollment. The consent forms and study protocol were reviewed and approved by the institutional review board or independent ethics committee at each participating center.

: Not applicable.

: WPM has received grant/research support from AbbVie, Novartis, and Pfizer, consulted for AbbVie, Boehringer, Celgene, Galapagos, Janssen, Lilly, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, and UCB, and is the chief medical officer of CaRE Arthritis Ltd. PC has consulted for AbbVie, BMS, Celgene, Janssen, Novartis, Merck, Pfizer, Roche, UCB, and Lilly. MdH is an employee of MdH Research. RGL has consulted for AbbVie, Bioclinica, Janssen, Parexel, and UCB. RL has received grant/research support from AbbVie, Amgen, Centocor, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and UCB; consulted for AbbVie, Ablynx, Amgen, AstraZeneca, BMS, Celgene, Janssen, Galapagos, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Novo-Nordisk, Merck, Pfizer, Roche, Schering-Plough, TiGenix, and UCB; and is Director of Rheumatology Consultancy BV. AM has received grant/research support from AbbVie, Pfizer, and UCB and consulted for AbbVie, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, and UCB. DvdH has consulted for AbbVie, Amgen, Astellas, AstraZeneca, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene, Daiichi, Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi, Takeda, and UCB, and is the Director of Imaging Rheumatology bv. JFB, HJ, and RP were employees of Pfizer at the time the manuscript was written. BV is an employee of and owns stock in Pfizer. AS is an employee of Syneos Health and was contracted by Pfizer to provide statistical support for the development of this paper. MD has received grant/research support from Pfizer, AbbVie, UCB, Merck, and Lilly and has consulted for Pfizer, AbbVie, UCB, Merck, and Lilly.No nonfinancial conflict of interest exists for any author.