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Article History

Received: 12 August 2020

Accepted: 6 July 2021

First Online: 31 July 2021

Declarations

:

: The study was conducted in Sweden, Germany, and Switzerland, and the protocol was approved by the national authorities and local ethical committees (Kantonale Ethik Kommission, KEK, Zurich; Ethik-Kommission, Erlangen; Regionala etikprövningsnämnden, EPN, Lund) performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. All patients provided written informed consent. Ethical approval for animal studies is not applicable.

: Not applicable

: RH received funding from Active Biotech AB related to the study. JHWD has consultancy relationships with Actelion, Active Biotech, Anamar, ARXX, Bayer Pharma, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene, Galapagos, GSK, Inventiva, JB Therapeutics, Medac, Pfizer, RuiYi, and UCB. JHWD has received research funding from Anamar, Active Biotech, Array Biopharma, ARXX, aTyr, BMS, Bayer Pharma, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene, Galapagos, GSK, Inventiva, Novartis, Sanofi-Aventis, RedX, and UCB. JHWD is a stock owner of 4D Science.GR and DMW declare that they have no competing interests.MT, HT, and HE are employees and stock owners of Active Biotech AB.HCN is a former employee at Active Biotech AB and owns stocks in Active Biotech AB.FA and BS are former employees at Active Biotech AB.OD has/had consultancy relationship and/or has received research funding from Abbvie, Actelion, Acceleron Pharma, Amgen, AnaMar, Baecon Discovery, Blade Therapeutics, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Catenion, Competitive Drug Development International Ltd., CSL Behring, ChemomAb, Curzion Pharmaceuticals, Ergonex, Galapagos NV, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals, GSK, Inventiva, Italfarmaco, iQone, iQvia, Lilly, medac, Medscape, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi, Target BioScience, and UCB in the area of potential treatments of scleroderma and its complications. He has a patent mir-29 for the treatment of systemic sclerosis issued (US8247389, EP2331143).