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Article History

Received: 20 August 2024

Accepted: 30 October 2024

First Online: 11 November 2024

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and the study protocol was approved by the Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences of Okayama University and the Okayama University Hospital Ethics Committee (approval number: 2204–020).

: All patients provided informed consent before enrolment.

: Dr. Kurita reported receiving grants from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, consulting fees from GlaxoSmithKline K.K., and payments for speaking at and participating in educational events from Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Sanofi K.K., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, and the Japan College of Rheumatology. Dr. Sada reported receiving a research grant from Pfizer, Inc. and a payment for speaking at and participating in educational events from GlaxoSmithKline K.K. Dr. Wada reported receiving speaker honoraria from Astra Zeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi Sankyo, Kyowa Kirin, Novo Nordisk, and Mitsubishi Tanabe, and received grant support from Bayer, Chugai, Kyowa Kirin, Otsuka, Shionogi, Sumitomo, and Mitsubishi Tanabe. Dr. Matsumoto reported receiving grants from Asahi Kasei Pharma, Taisho, and AbbVie; received speaker honoraria from Astra Zeneca, Asahi Kasei Pharma, GlaxoSmithKline, and Pfizer, Inc.; and received a payment for participating in educational events from GlaxoSmithKline.