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Authors
Liu, Yuefang https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3780-8482
Xin, Yan
Wang, Weiwei
Feng, Wei
Zhang, Lei https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8733-9741
Zhao, Yang
Zhu, Youzhuang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2039-4169
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Intramural Research Program of The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University (4901)
the Qingdao Key Medical and Health Discipline Project (4910)
Qingdao Leading Discipline Program in Medicine and Health
Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2024LMB001)
Youth Research Fund of Qingdao University (QDFYQN2023226)
Shandong Provincial Medical and Health Science and Technology Guidance Project (202418000774)
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Article History
Received: 4 March 2025
Accepted: 2 July 2025
First Online: 10 July 2025
Declarations
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: As this study was derived from a public database, no additional ethics approval was required.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
