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Authors
Nozaki, Yuji https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2810-1519
Kishimoto, Kazuya
Itami, Tetsu
Tomita, Daisuke
Wada, Yumiko https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9011-213X
Kotani, Takuya https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2190-0780
Takeuchi, Tohru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0065-929X
Hidaka, Toshihiko https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9919-1964
Hino, Shoichi
Miyamoto, Toshiaki
Miyake, Hirofumi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5655-6356
Hatta, Kazunari
Mamoto, Kenji https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7541-3745
Yamada, Yutaro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7895-7684
Okano, Tadashi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8849-9824
Okano, Takaichi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0873-5728
Saegusa, Jun https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7606-3743
Horita, Masahiro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9360-6081
Nishida, Keiichiro https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1260-586X
Kinoshita, Koji https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1809-5143
Rai, Shinya https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3929-9751
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Article History
Received: 6 October 2025
Accepted: 23 December 2025
First Online: 2 January 2026
Declarations
:
: This multicenter observational study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the ethics committee of Kindai University School of Medicine (Approval No. 31 − 020), the coordinating institution. Ethics approval was also obtained from the institutional review boards of Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Miyazaki Zenjinkai Hospital, Izumi City General Medical Center, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Tenri Hospital, and Okayama University Hospital. The requirement for written informed consent was waived at Kindai University via an opt-out process disclosed on the hospital website. At all other institutions, written informed consent was obtained.
: All authors approved the final manuscript and the submission to this journal.
: YN has received speaker fees from AbbVie, Astellas, Asahi Kasei, Chugai, Eisai, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, and Mitsubishi Tanabe.
