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Article History

Received: 25 September 2025

Accepted: 3 January 2026

First Online: 19 January 2026

Declarations

:

: BE MOBILE 1, BE MOBILE 2 and BE MOVING studies were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the International Conference on Harmonisation Guidance for Good Clinical Practice. Ethical approvals were obtained from the relevant institutional review boards at participating sites. All patients provided written informed consent in accordance with local requirements.

: Not applicable.

: SR: Consultant for AbbVie, Alfasigma, Eli Lilly, Johnson & Johnson, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi and UCB; grants from AbbVie, Alfasigma, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer and UCB; FP: Grant/research support from Eli Lilly and Company, Novartis and UCB; consultancy fees and speakers’ bureau from AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly and Company, Galapagos, Hexal, Janssen, Medscape, MoonLake Pharma, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche and UCB; RS: Speaker for AbbVie, Biogen, Celgene, MSD, Novartis and UCB; consultant for AbbVie, Biogen, Celgene, Eli Lilly, MSD, Novartis and UCB; research grants from AbbVie, Celgene and UCB; AvT: Speaker for Pfizer and Novartis; consultant for Novartis, Johnson and Johnson, Pfizer and UCB; grant/research support from MSD, Novartis, Pfizer and UCB; AM: Consultant for AbbVie, MSD, Pfizer and UCB; grant/research support from AbbVie, MSD, Pfizer and UCB; LSG: Grants from UCB paid to institution; consulting fees from Acelyrin, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer and UCB; MK: Speakers’ bureau for AbbVie, Amgen, Asahi-Kasei Pharma, Ayumi Pharma, BMS, Chugai, Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Tanabe-Mitsubishi and UCB; consultant for AbbVie, Amgen, Asahi-Kasei Pharma, Ayumi Pharma, BMS, Chugai, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Takeda, Tanabe-Mitsubishi and UCB; VT: Employee and shareholder of UCB; SK: Consultant for Aclipse Therapeutics, Aliada Therapeutics, Allay Therapeutics, Autobahn Therapeutics, Cognition Therapeutics, Colorado Prevention Center, Karuna Therapeutics, Kisbee Therapeutics, LB Pharmaceuticals, Nesos, Novartis, Onward Medical, PharPoint Research, Summit Analytical, Therini Bio, Tonix Pharmaceuticals, Tornado Therapeutics, UCB, Whitsell Innovations, Worldwide Clinical Trials and Zosano Pharma; SE: Employee of UCB; VNC: Speaker for AbbVie, Eli Lilly and Company, Fresenius Kabi, Janssen, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer and UCB; consultant for AbbVie, Alfasigma, Eli Lilly and Company, Galapagos, MoonLake, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer and UCB; grant/research support from AbbVie and Novartis.