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Article History

Received: 25 November 2025

Accepted: 1 March 2026

First Online: 4 March 2026

Declarations

:

: The English Longitudinal Study of Ageing received ethical approval from the London Multicenter Research Ethics Committee (MREC/01/2/91). All participants signed the informed consent document. The authors assert that all procedures contributing to this work comply with the ethical standards of the relevant national and institutional committees on human experimentation and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: Not applicable.