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Authors
Chen, Shuo-Fu
Wu, Ting-Shuan
Chang, Kuang-Yi
Lo, Sheng-Min
Chen, Yi-Ting
Kao, Chung-Mao
Chen, Yen-Ju
Chang, Hui-Yin
Chen, Yi-Ming
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science and Technology Council (NSTC- 113-2314-B-040-003)
National Science and Technology Council (NSTC-111-2634-F-A49-014, NSTC-111-2218-E-039-001, NSTC-111-2314-B-075A-003-MY3)
Chung Shan Medical University, Taiwan (RD11216)
Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan (TCVGH-1127301C, TCVGH-1127302D, and TCVGH-YM1120110)
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Article History
Received: 27 August 2025
Accepted: 30 July 2026
First Online: 4 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study procedures were approved by the Joint Institutional Review Board of Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan (CF21176A) and written informed consent was obtained from all participants. The study was carried out in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki .
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
