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Authors
Naghavi, Morteza
Azimi, Amir
Atlas, Kyle
Reeves, Anthony P.
Zhang, Chenyu
Wasserthal, Jakob
Mirjalili, Seyed Reza
Mozafarybazargany, Mohammadhossein
Hashemi, Ali
Atlas, Thomas
Henschke, Claudia I.
Yankelevitz, David F.
Mechanick, Jeffrey I.
Branch, Andrea D.
Fried, Susan K.
Nasir, Khurram
Fayad, Zahi A.
McConnell, Michael V.
Vliegenthart, Rozemarijn
Maron, David J.
Narula, Jagat
Williams, Kim A. Sr
Shah, Prediman K.
Budoff, Matthew J.
Levy, Daniel
Benjamin, Emelia J.
Kloner, Robert A.
Wong, Nathan D.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (UL1-TR-000040, UL1-TR-001079, and UL1-TR-001420)
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Article History
Received: 27 June 2025
Accepted: 20 September 2025
First Online: 6 November 2025
Declarations
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: MESA is a longitudinal population-based study sponsored by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and has received proper ethical oversight. The MESA protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the six field medical centers (Columbia University, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Northwestern University, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Minnesota, Wake Forest) and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
: M.N. is the founder of HeartLung Technologies, which is the developer of the AI software used in this study. A.P.R., T.A., D.Y., and N.D.W. are advisors to HeartLung Technologies. C.Z. is a software engineer and employee of HeartLung Technologies. K.A. is a data scientist and research associate of HeartLung Technologies. S.R.M., A.A., M.M.B. and A.H. are research fellows for HeartLung.AI. M.V.M. is the Chief Health Officer at Toku Inc. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.
