He, Dongpo
Fan, Zhenzhen
Zhang, Xintao
Cao, Changchun
Han, Yong
Hu, Haofei
Zheng, Xiaodan
Funding for this research was provided by:
Medical Science and Technology Research Foundation of Guangdong Province (B2025128)
Article History
Received: 16 July 2025
Accepted: 2 October 2025
First Online: 4 November 2025
Declarations
:
: Each participant in the CHARLS cohort conducted under Peking University's ethics review committee gave their informed permission before participating (IRB00001052-11015). In addition, the Declaration of Helsinki was followed during our research. The necessary standards and legislation were followed in executing all procedures, including the declarations in the Declarations section.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.