Cai, Jiamiao
Zheng, Dongze
Xu, Sifan
Jiang, Shiyan
Jiang, Yuxuan
Zhang, Rou
Li, Chenlin
Zhang, Li
Wang, Bin
Funding for this research was provided by:
the 2019 Shantou Medical Science Talent Cultivation and Clinical Technology Promotion Project (190917105269872)
Article History
Received: 1 April 2025
Accepted: 20 October 2025
First Online: 28 November 2025
Declarations
:
: The CHARLS study was performed in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Peking University. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their enrollment in Charls study.
: The authors declare no competing interests.