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Authors
Koo, Dae-Jeong https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8923-7298
Kim, Yun Tae
Moon, Sun-Joon
Kwon, Hyemi
Park, Se Eun
Lee, Sang Min
Park, Cheol-Young
Lee, Won-Young
Cho, Sung Rae
Rhee, Eun-Jung https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6108-7758
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Article History
Received: 15 September 2025
Accepted: 17 December 2025
First Online: 9 January 2026
Declarations
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: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Kangbuk Samsung Hospital (KBSMC 202503031). The study used retrospectively collected, de-identified data to ensure participant confidentiality. As no personally identifiable information was included, the requirement for informed consent was waived.
: This cohort study adheres to the STROBE guidelines; the completed checklist is provided as Additional file 2. ‘STROBE checklist (cohort).docx’.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
