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Article History

Received: 21 April 2023

Accepted: 12 July 2023

First Online: 21 July 2023

Declarations

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: This study was financially supported by Eskisehir Osmangazi University Research Grant (201911046). The synbiotic and placebo were supplied by Nobel Ilac, Turkey and Cell Biotech Co, South Korea; both companies had no role in the study design, laboratory analysis and interpretation of the results, preparation, and review of the manuscript. Y Vandenplas has participated as a clinical investigator, and/or advisory board member, and/or consultant, and/or speaker for Abbott Nutrition, Ausnutria, Biogaia, By Heart, CHR Hansen, Danone, ELSE Nutrition, Friesland Campina, Nestle Health Science, Nestle Nutrition Institute, Nutricia, Mead Johnson Nutrition, Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Pileje, United Pharmaceuticals (Novalac), Yakult, Wyeth. EC Dinleyici has participated as an advisory board member, and/or consultant, and/or speaker for Biocodex, Nutricia, Nestle Health Science. G Kilic Yildirim and M Dinleyici declared no conflict of interest.

: This study was approved by the Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine Local Ethical Committee (27 September 2018, Decision Number 58). All procedures performed in this trial were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.