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Article History

Received: 22 August 2022

Accepted: 8 October 2023

First Online: 12 October 2023

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: In this study, videos uploaded by individuals based on factual information were used for noncommercial educational purposes. As such, it applies to the four elements of YouTube’s “fair use” and does not violate any policies or copyrights, and therefore does not require separate consent from the individual accounts that appear in the videos. Since this research does not meet the definition of research involving animals or human subjects, Ethics Review Board approval is not required.

: Not applicable.