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Article History

Received: 9 August 2024

Accepted: 27 May 2025

First Online: 2 July 2025

Declarations

:

: The study was conducted by the generally accepted ethical principles for conducting scientific research contained in the Declaration of Helsinki, as well as the guidelines contained in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association regarding consent and anonymity. In Poland, anonymous diagnostic research is not a medical experiment and does not require the consent of the bioethics committee, which, in the context of the present study, was confirmed in writing by the chairman of the Bioethics Committee operating at the Poznan University of Medical Sciences. In accordance with the rules in force in Poland, the Bioethics Committee did not submit applications for surveys consisting in the use of standardized surveys, used in accordance with their intended purpose, when the research will develop statistically selected elements of the survey []. Our questionnaire did not require the completion of a separate participant information sheet or consent form but clearly indicated in the headline that all questionnaire takers give informed consent to the study. Respondents were informed about the course and character of the survey. The survey was anonymous, voluntary and confidential.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.