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Article History

Received: 4 December 2024

Accepted: 9 June 2025

First Online: 1 July 2025

Declarations

:

: In this study, all methods were conducted in strict accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center) (approval number: 2024-017). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their enrollment in the study. To ensure participant confidentiality, all personal identifying information was anonymized and stored separately from the study data. Data were collected and managed using a secure electronic data capture system, with access restricted to authorized personnel only. Regular monitoring and audits were conducted to ensure compliance with ethical standards and data integrity. The study was also registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registration No. ChiCTR2500096052)) to enhance transparency and accountability.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.