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Authors
Hamada, Yuji https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9456-5840
Akasaka, Kiyokazu https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2110-205X
Okubo, Yu https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4241-9021
Hattori, Hiroshi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4355-3222
Mizoguchi, Yasuaki https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9289-0500
Kikuchi, Yuto https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6479-5998
Nakagawa, Hotaka https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3937-0790
Hall, Toby https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4461-7259
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Article History
Received: 22 May 2025
Accepted: 29 July 2025
First Online: 21 November 2025
Declarations
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: In compliance following the Declaration of Helsinki, we registered this study in the UMIN clinical trial registry (UMIN000051318, registration date: 01/08/2023) and obtained approval from the Ethics Committee of Saitama Medical University (permit number: 2023–011). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants and their legal guardians prior to participation in the study.
: The supplementary material includes detailed instructions on the exercise methods provided by one of the co-researchers involved in the study. The model gave written informed consent for the preparation and publication of this material.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
