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Article History

Received: 2 July 2025

Accepted: 10 November 2025

First Online: 21 November 2025

Declarations

:

: The study protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Beijing Sport University (Approval No. 2025215 H). All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Clinical trial number not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.