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Article History

Received: 2 December 2025

Accepted: 13 February 2026

First Online: 18 February 2026

Declarations

:

: The ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Sakarya University of Applied Sciences (approval number: 61/03, approval date: 18/09/2025). The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Before the data collection process, the researchers informed the participants about the purpose of the study, emphasized that participation was voluntary, assured them that their anonymity would be protected, and stated that their data would be used solely for this research. Informed consent was obtained from the parents of all participants. Additionally, the participants were informed that they could withdraw from the study at any time without providing any reason.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.