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Article History

Received: 6 May 2019

Accepted: 17 July 2019

First Online: 25 July 2019

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: This study was conducted in compliance with both the principles of the Basal Declaration as well as institutional guidelines, although the institution lacked an available ethics committee. This study involved client-owned animals; informed written consent from all canine owners was obtained for the surgical procedures performed and informed verbal consent for inclusion in the study, as practices adhered to a high standard of veterinary care and did not involve any invasive testing.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.