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Article History

Received: 16 October 2024

Accepted: 14 January 2025

First Online: 20 January 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles outlined in the revised Helsinki Declaration. The research protocol received approval from the Ethics Committee of Alborz University of Medical Sciences (ethical code: IR.ABZUMS.REC.1400.038). All ethical considerations were upheld throughout the study. Participation was voluntary for students. Since explanations regarding the necessity of consent to participate were provided at the beginning of the electronic questionnaire, the completion and submission of the questionnaire link were regarded as consent to participate in the study. The questionnaires were filled out anonymously, and participants’ information was maintained in strict confidentiality.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.