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Article History

Received: 29 June 2024

Accepted: 19 March 2025

First Online: 23 October 2025

Declarations

:

: This article was a part of the approved master’s thesis of the Sari branch of Azad University (design code: 2366996) and with the code of ethics of the Chalus branch of Azad University in Iran (Research Ethics Committees of Islamic Azad University – Chalus Branch, IR.IAU.CHALUS.REC.1400.038). Written, informed consent was obtained from all study participants, and ethical clearance to conduct the study was received from all participants. The freedom of interviewees to participate in the qualitative phase (interview), the acquisition of informed consent, the preservation of the independence of interviewees in the study, obtaining permission to record the interview, and maintaining the confidentiality of information at all stages were respected. All methods used in this study were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations, and were in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

: The authors declare no competing interests.