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Article History

Received: 19 February 2025

Accepted: 12 May 2025

First Online: 30 September 2025

Declarations

:

: This study utilized data from an administrative database and did not involve direct human participation, intervention, or the collection of identifiable private information. As such, it was deemed exempt from Florida International University’s Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval in accordance with applicable ethical guidelines (IRB Protocol NHSR #: IRB-22-0473). The use of de-identified data ensured compliance with ethical standards, and no additional informed consent was required. The study was conducted following the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant institutional and regulatory policies.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.