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Authors
Sivaprakasam, Sumitra
Yee Fan, Tan
Kumarasan, Yukgehnaish
Hata, Erneeza Mohd
Vadamalai, Ganesan
Petersen, Bent
Sicheritz-Pontén, Thomas
Parimannan, Sivachandran
Rajandas, Heera
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Collaborative Research in Engineering, Science and Technology (CREST), Malaysia
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Article History
Received: 1 April 2025
Accepted: 24 June 2025
First Online: 5 July 2025
Declarations
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: The current study did not involve human subjects, human material, human data or animals. However, permission for soil sampling was obtained from the paddy field owners through the local authority, Integrated Agriculture Development Area (IADA), Seberang Perak, Malaysia.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
