Bhatnagar, Swati https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5173-5273
Rao B., Shushma https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0855-0846
Srivastava, Rahul https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1956-0700
Gopalakrishnan, Niharicka
Shenoy, Ramya https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3126-4415
Mascarenhas, Roma https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3407-8685
Funding for this research was provided by:
Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal
Article History
Received: 5 September 2024
Accepted: 8 July 2025
First Online: 31 July 2025
Declarations
:
: The protocol of this study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, INDIA (21027). The treatment protocol was standard care without any experimental treatment approach or medications. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Informed consent was obtained from all participants.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.