Document is current

Article History

Received: 30 September 2024

Accepted: 2 September 2025

First Online: 1 October 2025

Declarations

:

: Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Debre Berhan University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences. All procedures performed in this study adhered to the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study or their legal guardians for students under 18 years of age. Participants were fully informed about the study’s purpose, procedures, benefits, and the right to withdraw at any time without any repercussions.

: All authors have reviewed the manuscript and consent to its publication. Participants’ data were anonymized to ensure confidentiality, and no identifying information is published in this manuscript.

: The authors declare no competing interests.