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Authors
Bay, Shing Shen
Baharom, Nur Haziqah
Zaihan, Abdullah Faiz
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Article History
Received: 11 June 2025
Accepted: 28 November 2025
First Online: 6 December 2025
Declarations
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: This retrospective study was approved by the Medical Research and Ethics Committee (MREC), Ministry of Health Malaysia (MOH) (NMRR ID-24-03790-KHH). All procedures were performed in accordance with institutional and national research standards, the Declaration of Helsinki and its amendments, and the International Conference on Harmonisation Good Clinical Practice (ICH-GCP) Guidelines. The requirement for informed consent was waived due to the retrospective design of the study and the use of anonymised data in line with institutional and national regulations.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
