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Authors
Xu, Rongda
Li, Jiahui
Tu, Hongliang
Sun, Ming
Zhang, Zelin
Duan, Siyu
Wang, Jiahe
Cai, Zhencun
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Science and Technology Fund of the Education Department of Liaoning Province (2024-MS-222)
Liaoning Provincial Department of Education Fund (JYTMS20231396)
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Article History
Received: 20 September 2025
Accepted: 15 January 2026
First Online: 22 January 2026
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical college (Approval No.: 2024 − 208(02)). All patients provided written informed consent.
: Written informed consent was obtained from all patients for the publication of their personal and clinical information, including any potentially identifiable images, in this study.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
