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Article History

Received: 19 August 2025

Accepted: 9 February 2026

First Online: 20 February 2026

Declarations

:

: This research had been performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Human samples used were residual volumes of whole blood obtained during routine blood donation procedure from the French Blood Agency (EFS Auvergne Rhône Alpes, France). Donors were duly informed and provided consent for the reuse of their samples for research purposes, approved by Ministry of Higher Education and Research (authorization number CODECOH AC-2020-3959 for EFS and CODECOH DC-2024-6831 for bioMerieux). In accordance with Article L1211-2 of the French Public Health Code and the provisions of the Jarde Law, no additional consultation with a Comite de Protection des Personnes (CPP) was required. Participation was on a voluntary basis; data security and anonymity were guaranteed (in accordance with French regulations MR-003).

: Not applicable.

: The authors report working for an in-vitro diagnostic company.